Careful thinking often remains hidden until learners have language for describing what their minds are doing. What changes when that language becomes shared?

One of the most useful questions a learner can ask is surprisingly simple: How sure am I?

One of the most common mistakes people make is assuming that evidence and explanation are the same thing. They are not.

Human beings are remarkably good at generating explanations. The challenge is not creating them, but remaining open to the possibility that our first explanation may be incomplete.

How do people learn to think well? A reflection on observation, uncertainty, and the simple question that sits at the centre of The Irwin System™: What else could be going on?